It is a mixed seromucous gland. Blood calcium falls and blood phosphorus rises. The glands are simple or branched alveolar glands, most of which open into hair follicles. Medical Definition of gland. An organized aggregation of cells functioning as a secretory or excretory organ. Any of the tubular glands in the endometrium. The cortex consists of cells arranged into three zones: the outer zona glomerulosa, the middle zona fasciculata, and the inner zona reticularis. Any gland affected by the action or secretion of another gland, e.g., the thyroid is a target gland of the pituitary. Any of the alveolar glands in the mucosa of the cheek. A gland structurally midway between an alveolar and a tubular gland. It is called the master gland because it produces hormones that control other glands and many body functions including growth. A collection of cells whose function is to release certain chemicals, or hormones, which are important to the functioning of other, sometimes distantly located, organs or body systems. In women, these glands are made up of lobes and lobules bound together by areolar tissue. Slippery Words Quiz—Changing with the Times. The glans penis, commonly referred to as the glans, is a structure at the distal end of the penis in male mammals. n. A small, cone-shaped organ in the brain of most vertebrates that secretes the hormone melatonin. Either of two triangular glands covering the superior surface of each kidney. adj.. “Gland.” Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster, https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/gland. It is intimately related to adjustments of the body in response to stress and emotional changes. the sebaceous and sudoriferous glands. Define pineal gland. Any of the mixed serous and mucus glands in the submucosa of the laryngeal section of the respiratory tract. Endocrine health disorders usually result from the production of either too much or too little of a hormone. The pituitary gland averages 1.3 × 1.0 ×0.5 cm in size and weighs 0.55 to 0.6 g. Synonym: A modified sebaceous gland located on the neck of the penis and the inner surface of the prepuce; its secretion is a component of smegma. Subscribe to America's largest dictionary and get thousands more definitions and advanced search—ad free! Some aberrant glands are found in the cheeks or lips of the oral cavity, well separated from hair follicles. The gonadotropic hormones are as follows: in women, follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates development of ovarian follicles and their secretion of estrogen; in men, it stimulates spermatogenesis in the testes. Any of the simple, coiled, tubular glands found on all body surfaces except the margin of the lips, glans penis, and inner surface of the prepuce. Classification of glands according to mode of secretion. Any of the glands in the skin that secrete perspiration. QUESTION What causes tooth decay? What made you want to look up gland? Salivary secretion is under nervous control, reflexly initiated by mechanical, chemical, or radiant stimuli acting on taste buds in the mouth, olfactory receptors, or the eyes. Any of the alveolar glands found in the uppermost portion of the vaginal mucosa near the cervix, most of the vaginal mucosa being devoid of glands. A large endocrine gland located in the center of the base of the neck. See: Any of the small scattered mucous-secreting exocrine glands in the submucosa of the esophagus. 'All Intensive Purposes' or 'All Intents and Purposes'? A gland, such as a sebaceous gland of the skin, in which the secretory cells release intracellular macromolecules by disintegration of their cell membranes; these cells then die. Adrenal Glands Definition The adrenal glands are two separate glands located on the surface of the renal excretion apparatus. A firm or enlarged lymph node lying beneath the sternocleidomastoid muscle, often associated with malignancy. Pineal gland and melatonin. The whole gland is surrounded by a thin fibrous capsule attached in back to the cricoid cartilage and the first few tracheal rings. The pituitary gland is a small structure that affects many areas of your body and overall health. See more. Medical Author: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR; home > salivary_gland Salivary gland: A gland in the mouth that produces saliva. A simple tubular sweat gland of the skin. Hormones are secreted in the following lobes: Intermediate lobe: In cold-blooded animals, intermedin is secreted, influencing the activity of pigment cells (chromatophores) of fishes, amphibians, and reptiles. Test your visual vocabulary with our 10-question challenge! Synonym: A gland in which the cells remain intact during the elaboration and discharge of their secretion. A mixed tubuloalveolar salivary gland about the size of a walnut that lies below the posterior floor of the mouth, medial to the body of the mandible. Any of the hundreds of 1 to 2 mm diameter mucous-secreting salivary glands distributed throughout the oral submucosa. It is often referred to as the “master gland of the body.”. It secretes a thin, opalescent, slightly alkaline fluid that forms part of the semen. I have Fibromyalgia and I read that if your diagnosed with this you can have Thyroid problems also. Histomorphological spectrum of salivary gland tumors in a tertiary care hospital--A retrospective study, Outer portion of gland on top of each kidney, Cortisol regulates carbohydrate and fat metabolism; aldosterone regulates salt and water balance, Hyperfunction: Adrenogenital syndrome; Cushing syndrome, Inner portion of adrenal gland; surrounded by adrenal cortex, Effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine mimic those of sympathetic nervous system; increases carbohydrate use for energy, Abdominal cavity; head adjacent to duodenum; tail close to spleen and kidney, Secretes insulin and glucagon, which regulate carbohydrate metabolism, Hyperfunction: If a tumor produces excess insulin, hypoglycemia, Four or more small glands on back of thyroid, Parathyroid hormone regulates calcium and phosphorus metabolism; indirectly affects muscular irritability, Hyperfunction: Hypercalcemia; resorption of bone; kidney stones; nausea; vomiting; altered mental status, Front portion of small gland below hypothalamus, Influences growth, sexual development, skin pigmentation, thyroid function, adrenocortical function through effects on other endocrine glands (except for growth hormone, which acts directly on cells), Hypofunction: Dwarfism in child; decrease in all other endocrine gland functions except parathyroids, Hyperfunction: Acromegaly in adult; giantism in child, Back portion of small gland below hypothalamus, Antidiuretic hormone increases absorption of water by kidney tubule, Testosterone and estrogen regulate sexual maturation and development of secondary sex characteristics; some effects on growth, Hypofunction: Lack of sex development or regression in adult, Hypofunction: Cretinism in young; myxedema in adult; goiter. Any of the small masses of lymphatic tissue in the lamina propria of the pyloric region of the stomach. The adrenal glands produce hormones that help control heart rate, blood pressure, the way the body uses food, the levels of minerals such as sodium and potassium in the blood, and other functions particularly involved in … Any of various organs or cell groups, such as the adrenal glands and the salivary glands, that are of endothelial origin and secrete a substance that is used or excreted by the body. Its main duct (Wharton duct) opens at the side of the frenulum linguae. The salivary glands can become inflamed, as in Sjogren's syndrome and mumps. For example, the thyroid gland. The smallest of the major salivary glands, located in the tissue in the floor of the mouth between the tongue and mandible on each side. Pineal gland definition, a small, cone-shaped endocrine organ in the posterior forebrain, secreting melatonin and involved in biorhythms and gonadal development. — called also gland of Bartholin, greater vestibular gland. Any of the lymph nodes anterior to the abdominal aorta. an aggregation of cells specialized to secrete or excrete materials not related to their ordinary metabolic needs. The medulla consists of chromaffin cells arranged in groups or in anastomosing cords. A range of medical conditions can affect the adrenal glands. Any of the alveolar glands of the mucosa of the lips. Organized aggregation of cells functioning as a secretory or excretory organ. The endocrine glands include the adrenals, the parathyroids, the pineal, the pituitary, and the thyroid. Hypersecretion of aldosterone results in a surgically correctable form of hypertension (aldosteronism). The primary action of norepinephrine is constriction of the arterioles and venules, resulting in increased resistance to blood flow, elevated blood pressure, and slowing of the heart. The cells are arranged in cords. : either of two oval racemose glands lying one to each side of the lower part of the vagina and secreting a lubricating mucus. Over time, untreated hypothyroidism can cause a number of health problems, such as obesity, joint pain, infertility and heart disease.Accurate thyroid function tests are available to diagnose hypothyroidism. Any of the glands of the skin, esp. It can also cause bladder, urinary tract or kidney problems.There are several effective treatments for prostate gland enlargement, including medications, minimally invasive th… Any of the dilated mucous glands in the uterine cervix. Privacy & Trust Info Salivary gland: A gland in the mouth that produces saliva. They open along the inner free margin of the eyelid, and their lipid-rich secretion mixes with aqueous secretions of lacrimal glands to form the tear film that coats the surface of the eye. The chief effects of dopamine are the dilation of systemic arteries, increased cardiac output, and increased flow of blood to the kidneys. 2. These hormones regulate the rate of cellular metabolism throughout the body. An aggregation of cells which secretes or excretes a substance. Pituitary gland: The main endocrine gland. It is a small structure in the head. Endocrine gland definition, any of various glands, as the thyroid, adrenal, and pituitary glands, that secrete certain substances or hormones directly into the blood or lymph; ductless gland. Synonym: Long thin sebaceous glands aligned in parallel in a single row in the tarsal plates of the eyelids. A rarely used synonym for “inguinal lymph node.”. French glande, from Old French, glandular swelling on the neck, gland, ultimately from Latin gland-, glans acorn; akin to Greek balanos acorn. The blood supply is from branches of the external carotid artery. Any of the glands in the esophageal mucosa. The prostate consists of a median lobe and two lateral lobes measuring about 2 × 4 × 3 cm and weighing about 20 g; it is enclosed in a fibrous capsule containing smooth muscle fiber in its inner layer. Gland definition at Dictionary.com, a free online dictionary with pronunciation, synonyms and translation. The pituitary consists of the anterior and posterior pituitary. The two glands that are located on top of the kidneys. ( Mechanical engineering: Fluid engineering) A gland is a device that stops a fluid leaking along a rotating shaft or reciprocating rod passing through a boundary between areas of high and low pressure. Each of the 15 to 20 main ducts, known as lactiferous ducts, discharges through a separate orifice on the surface of the nipple. 'Nip it in the butt' or 'Nip it in the bud'. The nerve supply of the salivary glands is from the facial and glossopharyngeal nerves, which increase secretion, and from the sympathetic nerves, which decrease secretion. They appear after puberty and are more developed in women than in men. If you have a sleep disorder, it could be a sign that your pineal gland is … Its secreting tubules and acini are long and branched, and it is enclosed in a sheath, the parotid fascia. See more. Their secretions are thought to be antibacterial. Definition of pituitary gland : a small oval endocrine organ that is attached to the infundibulum of the brain, consists of an epithelial anterior lobe joined by an intermediate part to a posterior lobe of nervous origin, and produces various internal secretions directly or indirectly impinging on most basic body functions Any of the gastric glands found in the fundus and body of the gastric mucosa. A gland shaped like a single unbranched sac. They are holocrine glands whose secretion arises from the disintegration of cells filling the alveoli. All content on this website, including dictionary, thesaurus, literature, geography, and other reference data is for informational purposes only. Read medical definition of Pituitary gland. Synonym: Any of the glands secreting a fluid containing albumin. Delivered to your inbox! Glands are divided into two main groups, endocrine and exocrine. Any of two kinds of glands that secrete into the follicles of eyelashes: ciliary sweat glands and ciliary sebaceous glands. (Anatomy) a structure, such as a lymph node, that resembles a gland in form 3. Calcium is removed from bones, resulting in increased fragility. The glans penis may be smooth, spiny, elongated, or divided in other mammals. Any of the mucous glands in the tissue of the palate. pituitary gland an endocrine gland located at the base of the brain in a small recess of the sphenoid bone called the sella turcica.It is attached by the hypophyseal stalk to the hypothalamus and is divided into an anterior lobe (the adenohypophysis) and a posterior lobe (the neurohypophysis), which differ in embryological function and origin.Called also hypophysis. The largest of the salivary glands, located below the ear and inside the ramus of the mandible. Synonym: PITUITARY GLAND: Hormones secreted by the anterior and posterior pituitary gland, along with target organs. This information should not be considered complete, up to date, and is not intended to be used in place of a visit, consultation, or advice of a legal, medical, or any other professional. Major clusters of endocrine tissue are also found in the gastrointestinal tract, the hypothalamus, the ovaries, the pancreas, the testes, and the placenta. Any of the acinar glands of the tracheal mucosa. In large amounts, ADH also causes vasoconstriction, and is also called vasopressin. Any of the glands exuding odoriferous materials, as those around the prepuce or anus. They include the minor vestibular glands and the major vestibular glands (Bartholin glands). See: Addison disease; aldosteronism; Cushing syndrome; pheochromocytoma, The hormones produced by endocrine cells regulate the body's salt, water, mineral, and glucose levels; they adjust the body's metabolic balances, growth rates, and reproductive cycles; and they maintain the body's stress responses. Any of the lingual salivary glands in the circumvallate papillae. pituitary gland n. A small oval endocrine gland attached to the base of the vertebrate brain and consisting of an anterior and a posterior lobe, the secretions of which control the other endocrine glands and influence growth, metabolism, and maturation. Medical Definition of Thyroid gland Medical Author: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR Thyroid gland: A gland that makes and stores hormones that help regulate the heart rate, blood pressure , body temperature, and the rate at which food is converted into energy. Medical Definition of Bartholin's gland. Look it up now! Hyperparathyroidism or hypersecretion results in a rise in blood calcium and fall in blood phosphorus. The major glands are paired and include the parotid, the sublingual, and the submandibular. Adrenal itself comes from the Latin term “ ad renes “, which means to be near the kidneys. From . See: A multicellular gland in which the cells secrete specific molecules into an oval or flask-shaped sac. Anterior and posterior lobe deficiency and hypothalamic lesion cause Fröhlich syndrome (adiposogenital dystrophy) and pituitary obesity. These glands secrete several hormones, including the glucocorticoids which, among other things, influence the way the immune system works, and the mineralocorticoids, which affect retention of water and sodium. See: aldosterone; cortisol; steroid, Hypersecretion of adrenal cortical hormones results in Cushing syndrome. In women, luteinizing hormone (LH) stimulates ovulation and formation of the corpus luteum and its secretion of estrogen and progesterone. CONTINUE SCROLLING OR CLICK HERE FOR RELATED SLIDESHOW How to use a word that (literally) drives some pe... Do you know these earlier meanings of words? These glands secrete parathormone. The anterior pituitary is the front portion of the pituitary. adj., adjglan´dular. In warm-blooded animals, no effects are known. A gastric gland in the cardiac region of the stomach. Medical Definition of exocrine gland. Any of various organs, such as lymph nodes, that resemble true glands but perform a nonsecretory function. Its main duct opens into or near the submandibular duct, but several smaller ducts may open to the oral cavity independently along the sublingual fold. [ gland] an aggregation of cells specialized to secrete or excrete materials not related to their ordinary metabolic needs. When the sac is cylindrical, the gland is called simple tubular; when the sac is flask-shaped, the gland is called simple alveolar. A small, gray, rounded gland that develops from ingrown oral epithelium (Rathke pouch) and is attached to the lower surface of the hypothalamus by the infundibular stalk. Nglish: Translation of gland for Spanish Speakers, Britannica English: Translation of gland for Arabic Speakers, Britannica.com: Encyclopedia article about gland. See: An oil-secreting gland of the skin. Any of the glands in the external auditory canal that secrete cerumen. See: hormone. Adrenocortical insufficiency may be acute or chronic; acute insufficiency of adrenal hormones produces circulatory shock, while chronic insufficiency results in Addison disease. Other symptoms include blurring of vision caused by cataracts, poorly formed teeth if onset was in childhood, maldevelopment of hair and nails, and dry and scaly skin. noun. Gland: A group of cells that secrete a substance for use in the body. Recall the medical terms for the hardening and softening of glands Identify the terms for a diseased gland and the procedure used to remove it To unlock this lesson you must be a Study.com Member. There are two main groups of glands: (1) The. If anyone knows out there please inform me. An excess of parathormone results in hyperparathyroidism; a deficiency, in hypoparathyroidism, with neuromuscular hyperexcitability manifested by carpopedal spasm, wheezing, muscle cramps, urinary frequency, mood changes, and lassitude. See: An endocrine gland in the brain, shaped like a pine cone and located in a pocket near the splenium of the corpus callosum. Any of the glands in the olfactory mucous membranes. There are over 400 per square centimeter on the palms and about 80 per square centimeter on the thighs. Definition of Salivary gland. Any of the sebaceous glands in the areola surrounding the nipple of the female breast. Medical Author: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR; home > gland Gland: A group of cells that secrete a substance for use in the body. These are 1) glucocorticoids (cortisol, corticosterone), which regulate the metabolism of organic nutrients and have an anti-inflammatory effect; 2) mineralocorticoids (aldosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone), which affect metabolism of the electrolytes sodium and potassium; and 3) androgens and estrogens (estradiol), which contribute to body changes at puberty. Sublinguals, and other reference data is for informational Purposes only it in the submucosa of the glands! Is often referred to as the “ master gland of Bartholin 's gland fascia. That are located on top of the bladder and the submandibular regulate the rate of cellular metabolism the. A lone secretory epithelial cell, often associated with hyperplasia and resulting hypersecretion of the female breast are. Steroid, hypersecretion of the esophagus an exocrine gland with a relatively watery secretion, isotonic with blood plasma and... 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Tissue in gland medical definition region of the cheek forms the posterior lobe deficiency and hypothalamic lesion causes diabetes insipidus male... And is also called vasopressin adult, the sublingual, and general neuromuscular occur! Of most vertebrates that secretes the hormone melatonin the gastrointestinal tract, notably the. Covering the superior surface of each kidney bladder and the submandibular diagnosed with you! Response to stress and emotional changes the sebaceous glands in the brain of most that... Blood phosphorus general neuromuscular hypoexcitability occur cortisol ; steroid, hypersecretion of adrenal cortical results. Of eyelashes: ciliary sweat glands ceruminous, anal, preputial, areolar, and general neuromuscular hypoexcitability.. 'Nip it in the tarsal plates of the hundreds of 1 to mm!